tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15819333004899150292024-03-18T00:36:26.825-07:00R.E.D. nurseThis is about things that I encounter from my daily surfing on the net. Its about sharing things I know that might let others become aware of what is happening around.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger117125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-72323819755967724342012-04-01T17:52:00.000-07:002012-04-01T17:52:16.836-07:00Vmobile Technopreneur<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;"><div align="center"><h3 class="post-title entry-title">Vmobile Technopreneur </h3></div><div align="center"><span style="color: black;"><b><i><span class="fontsize7"><img alt="" src="http://v-mobile.weebly.com/uploads/3/5/9/0/3590039/8995804.jpg?429" /></span></i></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: maroon; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 27px;"><b><span class="fontsize6" style="color: purple;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: #003300;"><span style="color: maroon;"> <img alt="" height="364" src="http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTd6nrJ74LV3WMs6BwgOHq1jOg1ra1X0j_Ij-kvzjY5qR3NnueY9w" width="260" /> <img alt="" height="367" src="http://a4.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc6/188481_213751221970199_213727815305873_836674_624915_n.jpg" width="384" /></span></span></span></b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><b>Hello everyone!!!! </b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><b>ARE YOU <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD5">LOOKING FOR A BUSINESS</span> THAT WILL NOT RULE OVER YOUR WORLD? ARE YOU LOOKING FOR A BUSINESS THAT YOU CAN MOVE ON YOUR OWN PHASE? ....A BUSINESS THAT IS EASY TO SELL AND AFFORDABLE?</b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><b><br />
</b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><b><br />
</b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: red;"><b>"JUST OPEN YOUR MIND, READ AND LISTEN"</b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><span class="fontsize6" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline;"><b>"TURN YOUR <span class="fontsize7">P3,988.00</span> INTO MILLIONS"</b></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: olive;"><b>"TARA NA AT KUMITA, MAGTULUNGAN LANG PO TAYO"</b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: olive;"><i><b>I ASSURE YOU NA SUSUPPORTAHAN KITA</b></i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: olive;"><i><b>KAPAG SUMALI KA SA GRUPO KO (HERE & ABROAD!!!)</b></i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="background-color: blue; color: yellow;"><b>JOIN NOW!</b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="background-color: blue; color: yellow;"><b>LIMITED OFFER ONLY (HURRY UP!!!)</b></span></div><div><span class="fontsize4"><br />
</span></div><div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize3"><i><b>KAHIT NASA TRABAHO KA AT KUNG ANO MAN ANG IYONG GINAGAWA</b></i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize3"><i><b>MAHIYAIN KA MAN, SUPER BUSY O DI MARUNONG MAGSALITA, MALAS AT KUNG ANO PA MANG DAHILAN</b></i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize3"><i><b>MAAARI KA PA RIN KUMITA SA TULONG KO O NG GRUPO NATIN</b></i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize3"><i><b>DI KAILANGAN MAGALING DITO ANG MAHALAGA ANG SUPPORTA AT NAGTUTULUNGAN TAYO!!!</b></i></span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red;"><i><span class="fontsize5"><b> DO NOT GIVE UP, THE BEGINNING IS THE HARDEST!!! </b></span></i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red;"><i><span class="fontsize5"><b><br />
</b></span></i></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize5"><b>YOUR PHP 3988.00 could turn you into millions!</b></span></span></div><div><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize5"><b><br />
</b></span></span></div><div><span class="fontsize5" style="background-color: yellow; color: black;"><span class="fontsize5"><b><a class="discreetLink" href="http://www.sulit.com.ph/index.php/classifieds+directory/q/load?x=2"><span style="background-color: yellow; color: black;">LOAD</span></a> ALL NETWORKS using 1 sim, 1 <a class="discreetLink" href="http://www.sulit.com.ph/index.php/classifieds+directory/q/phone?x=2"><span style="background-color: yellow; color: black;">phone</span></a> plus get 10 - 14% Personal discount.</b></span></span></div><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize5"><b>SA 20 NA ACCESS CARDS </b></span></span></div></div></div><div align="center"><span style="background-color: yellow; color: maroon; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 27px;"><b><span class="fontsize6" style="color: purple;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: #003300;"><span class="fontsize6">USING YOUR EXISTING CELLPHONE OR COMPUTER YOU CAN LOAD ALL PREPAID PRODUCTS</span> </span></span></b></span></span></div><span class="fontsize5" style="color: purple; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>ONLINE GAMES ENTERTAINMENT LANDLINE</b></span><br />
<b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Amped Games ABS CBN Vote Card <b>Bayantel Affordacall </b></span></b><br />
<div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Cubicard Star Records Digital Album <b>Bayan Phone Extra Prepaid </b> </span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">EagleGame <b>Digikard</b></span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">E-Games <span style="color: purple;"><b><span class="fontsize6"><span class="fontsize5">SATELLITE/CABLE TV</span></span></b></span> <b>Dgmax </b> </span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Garena <b>Dream Satellite TV <b>Globelines</b></b></span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Gameclub <b>Sky Cable Silver TV <b>Pldt Budget Card</b></b></span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Iah Games Icash <b>Smart Link <b>Pldt Touch Card</b></b></span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Level up <b>ABS CBN TFC Now Card</b></span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Lineage II</span></b> </div><b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Mobius <span style="color: purple;"><b><span class="fontsize6"><span class="fontsize5">INTERNET BROADBAND</span></span></b></span></span></b><br />
<div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Softnyx <b>Blast</b></span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"> <b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">Starcraft II <b>ISP Bonanza</b></span></b></div><b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b> <b>Pldt Vibe</b></b></span></b><br />
<b><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b><b> <b>SmartBro Load</b></b></b></span></b><br />
<div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b><span style="color: maroon; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 27px;"><span style="color: purple;"><br />
</span></span></span></b></span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: maroon; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 27px;"><b><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: yellow; color: purple;"><i>VMOBLE is launching the M-POWER SIM powered by Smart to provide seamless loading experience to members!</i> </span><i><br />
</i></b></span></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize6" style="color: red;"><b><i><img alt="" height="225" src="https://fbcdn-photos-a.akamaihd.net/hphotos-ak-ash4/307294_325814147433992_100000162296123_1569422_254895454_a.jpg" width="300" /></i></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><b><i><br />
</i></b></span></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><b><i><br />
</i></b></span></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: black;"><span style="color: black;"><b><i> <img alt="" height="280" src="http://i1232.photobucket.com/albums/ff376/juliet1722/fasttrack-1.png?t=1301040655" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" width="400" /></i></b></span></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize7" style="background-color: #d67099;"><b><span style="color: black;"><br />
</span></b></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize7" style="background-color: yellow;"><b><span style="color: black;">!!e-loading business!!</span></b></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: white; color: black; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">sa maliit na puhunan may business ka na siguradong kikita dahil ito ang in demand na negosyo ngayon</span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: white; color: black;"><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: white; color: black;"><img alt="" height="300" src="http://vmobiledenscott.webs.com/vmobile3.jpg" width="400" /></span></span></div><div align="center"><br />
</div><span style="background-color: yellow; color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif; font-size: x-small;"><span class="fontsize6"><b>BAKIT MAGANDA ANG NEGOSYONG ITO?</b></span></span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>1. Halos lahat na ng tao sa Pilipinas ay gumagamit na ng cellphone. Kailangan nila ng load.</b></span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>2. Siguradong mabili ito dahil ito ay madaling maubos.</b></span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>3. Hindi mo na kailangan ibenta dahil sila na ang maghahanap sayo, pag sinabing LOAD bibili sila nito.</b></span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>4. Pwede mo siya dalhin kahit saan, house, office, school, store, etc. </b> </span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>5. </b> <b>Kabilang na ito sa pangunahing pangangailangan ng tao PAGKAIN, DAMIT, TIRAHAN, AT LOAD!!!</b></span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>6. No expiration date, no monthly quotas, no physical inventories, non-territorial.</b></span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>7. Sa halos na 80 million na cellphone users, 95% ay naka-<span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD4">PREPAID</span> so malaki ang MARKET.</b></span><br />
<span class="fontsize4" style="color: #003300; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>8. Its a necessity!</b></span><br />
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<div align="center"><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: white; color: black;"><b><span style="font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;">ALL ACCESS PREPAID. ALL NETWORKS. ALL DENOMINATION. ALL IN ONE CELLPHONE.</span> </b></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: #ff6600; color: black;"><img alt="" height="300" src="http://a2.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash2/73880_160518657318409_100000808278679_256496_3274850_n.jpg" width="400" /></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize7" style="background-color: red; color: black; font-family: 'arial black','avant garde';">1 sim, 1 phone,load to all networks!!</span></div><div align="center"><span style="color: black;"><b><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: #ff6600;"><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize6"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />
</span></span></span></span></b></span></div><div align="center"><span style="background-color: magenta; color: black;"><b><span class="fontsize6"><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize6">Advantages when you join <span class="keyhigh">VMOBILE</span> LOADXTREME</span></span></span></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: lime; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b><span class="fontsize4" style="color: black;">1<span style="background-color: yellow;">.</span></span></b><span style="background-color: yellow; color: black;"><b><span class="fontsize4">Comfortability</span></b></span><span class="fontsize4" style="color: black;"> – </span><b><span class="fontsize4">you can load yourself anytime and anywhere, no need to go to store to buy load. </span></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize4" style="background-color: lime; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>2.<span style="background-color: yellow; color: black;"> Savings</span></b> – <b>you can save up to 10-14% of your cellphone load consumption with various products. </b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize4" style="background-color: lime; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>3.</b><span style="background-color: yellow;"> <b><span style="color: black;">Security</span></b> </span>– <b>in case of loss of your phone or sim, your money in the loadwallet is still safe in the loadxtreme system. </b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize4" style="background-color: lime; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>4.<span style="background-color: yellow; color: black;"> Accessibility </span>– you can use other cellphone or sim to access your <span class="keyhigh">Vmobile</span> Loadxtreme account. </b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize4" style="background-color: lime; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>5.</b> <b><span style="background-color: yellow; color: black;">All Access Prepaid</span> – you can load almost all prepaid products (more than 300 and counting). </b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize4" style="background-color: lime; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><span style="color: black;"><b>6.<span style="background-color: yellow;"> Internet Based</span></b></span> <b>– you can load, reload, transfer load thru Loadxtreme website. </b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize4" style="background-color: lime; font-family: 'comic sans ms',sans-serif;"><b>7.<span style="background-color: yellow; color: black;"> One Loadwallet</span> – that you can use for more than 300 prepaid products at anytime, anywhere.</b></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize5"><b><br />
</b></span></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize5"><img alt="" height="211" src="http://t0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTwZOEkBA5BVFQasIHA_rQJxpb72SpRLHkuHT3Xzda_8ZqTh6DRHg" width="239" /></span></span></div><div align="center"><span class="fontsize5"><span class="fontsize5"><br />
</span></span></div><div align="center"><b><span class="fontsize7">HOW WILL YOU EARN?</span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize6" style="color: red;"><b>AS A DEALER/<a class="discreetLink" href="http://www.sulit.com.ph/index.php/classifieds+directory/q/technopreneur?x=2" target="_blank">TECHNOPRENEUR</a>:</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: blue;"><b>Sell load</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> </span><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;">earn 10-14% on your load sales</span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><img alt="" height="298" src="http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSjTR_VS-S06pGObCc1nqaBqtb5K-MsZXXoKtJEKH6Zeqy4ZKxd4A" width="400" /></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><b><span style="color: blue;">Access card sign up</span></b> </span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> (sell retailer/technouser card) 250 each </span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> 250 x 20 pcs. = 5000</span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><img alt="" height="296" src="http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRj8L9AJv6MKiCpIDh1NB7H301snSkKF8HP5xqW61l-PhHHUK8c1Q" width="400" /></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><br />
</span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5"><b><span style="color: blue;">Earn 1 - 2% total sales override of your retailers (technousers)</span></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> if each retailers sell 1000 loads/day</span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> 1,000 x 20 = 20,000 x 30 days = 600,000 x 1% =<span class="fontsize6"><b> 6,000/month</b></span></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> or 600,000 x 2% = <span class="fontsize6"><b>12,000/month</b></span></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><span class="fontsize6"><b><img alt="" height="296" src="http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTQKkWkmNnOfgxXuKFL4VL02x6yMdbeTrA6_mwWIKZSYDU4ZeFe" width="400" /></b></span></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: blue;"><b><span class="fontsize5">Direct <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD11">sales incentives</span></span></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> you get bonus of<b> 500</b> if you endorsed 1 <a class="discreetLink" href="http://www.sulit.com.ph/index.php/classifieds+directory/q/technopreneur?x=2" target="_blank">technopreneur</a> fast <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD2">track package</span> <b><span style="color: red;">P3,988</span></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><b><span style="color: red;"><img alt="" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeDvTUQ2HNaGMK8usukS9c_KNFgU1VGZlG7QH1XUiJ7YfqHhXuLGrARuGruI8J0FId5r0DNZmKjAJ-k5Db6WD74q9FTykNRva5vEwQGanGZie5vcrHqKFk2PKKRL-oWMq_R1wAiy2MJgbP/s400/S32.jpg" width="400" /></span></b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><b><span class="fontsize5" style="color: blue;">Team Sales Bonus</span></b></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> Each <a class="discreetLink" href="http://www.sulit.com.ph/index.php/classifieds+directory/q/technopreneur?x=2" target="_blank">technopreneur</a> <span class="IL_AD" id="IL_AD6">package</span> endorsed can be place on your <b>team A</b> and<b> team B </b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"> for every pair detected you will be given another<b> P500</b> bonus </span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><img alt="" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPEX1cUEviilYxomMo2rXpiIZ7Sd0QgvvBjRHQ4RpK9t5hkic6RNbZKzKHG5VmB7vO6UtDyt8Qqn-qKsQ0rTIOh_mEnJNS6b6tclZbesktA6TiKKlOOiXp0U31iCf9BXVfw_Ykjw0jB65-/s400/S34.jpg" width="400" /></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><br />
</span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><b> </b></span><span class="fontsize7" style="color: black;"><b> ***maximum potential income***</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="background-color: black; color: red;"><b> 30,000 a day</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: black; color: red;"><b>210,000 a week</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize7" style="background-color: black; color: red;"><b>900,000 a month</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><b><br />
</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize5" style="color: black;"><b>Gumawa kami ng feasibility study in a <span style="color: red;">W</span>orse<span style="color: red;"> C</span>ase <span style="color: red;">S</span>cenario scene kung posible bang kitain ito.Halimbawang sa buong talambuhay mo dalawa lang ang nainvite mo dahil dalawa lang ang naniwala sayo tapos tumigil ka na.Tapos ganun din ang ginawa ng dalawang napasali mo, ipunin natin ang maari mong kitain sa loob ng isang taon...</b></span></div><div align="center" style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize6" style="color: black;"><b><img alt="" height="450" src="http://a3.sphotos.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-snc4/38861_141991202499394_138099762888538_259934_2231857_n.jpg" width="600" /></b></span></div><div align="center"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 27px;"><br />
</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="background-color: lime; color: black;"><b><span class="fontsize7"><span class="fontsize6">you want more than</span> 900,000 <span class="fontsize6">a month?</span></span></b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span class="fontsize6" style="background-color: lime; color: black;"><b>then get our tripack package.</b></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><b><span class="fontsize7" style="background-color: yellow; color: red;"><br />
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A new take on the original 1980s animated series, combining fantasy with science as the heroes and villains on the show fight for the Stones of Power. The ThunderCats are on the move! After the kingdom of Thundera is attacked by the lizard people, Lion-O leads Tygra, Cheetara and the other heroes on a quest for the Book of Omens and the magic stones of legend. But he'll have to face villains like Mumm-Ra, the ancient evil sorcerer, and Slithe, the dangerous lizard general. Luckily, he has the Sword of Omens and its amazing powers at his disposal. ThunderCats, ho!<br />
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-50419559100510940112011-12-26T16:22:00.000-08:002012-01-10T00:18:20.646-08:00Bob Ong's Lumayo Ka Man Sa Akin<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiEeK32q_SNCSaV4Ke-ncrtBza5Y49P3RjAXGIJlbIXc5-DmkDnaKLGoGXBZgIUlWz72uxbicXCjoa7QkuMomxgkd02bjt92M8xZX4u12v1thsv1hGVibj3ymqzlvNIFfWowjm6-SxTcw/s1600/bob+ong+lumayo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiEeK32q_SNCSaV4Ke-ncrtBza5Y49P3RjAXGIJlbIXc5-DmkDnaKLGoGXBZgIUlWz72uxbicXCjoa7QkuMomxgkd02bjt92M8xZX4u12v1thsv1hGVibj3ymqzlvNIFfWowjm6-SxTcw/s1600/bob+ong+lumayo.jpg" /></a></div><br />
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com158tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-89026706452027465962011-12-11T05:28:00.000-08:002011-12-11T05:28:35.149-08:00Locomotion<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><a href="http://www.mediafire.com/?qve9enu6rdbq02a" target="_blank">LOCOMOTION</a><br />
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-91985439703430799692011-10-08T22:44:00.000-07:002011-10-08T22:44:39.139-07:00The 4 Cs of Cardiac Arrest Care<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h1>The 4 Cs of Cardiac Arrest Care according to the 2010 A.H.A Guidelines</h1>Field JM, Hazinski MF, Sayre MR, et al<br />
<i>Circulation.</i> 2010;122:S640-S656<br />
The year 2010 marks the 50th anniversary of the introduction of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). During these past 50 years, tremendous research has been conducted to evaluate techniques, medications, and devices designed to advance the care of victims of cardiac arrest. The American Heart Association (AHA) developed the first CPR guidelines in 1966 and since that time has published frequent updates of the guidelines to help educate the public and medical establishment about optimal care for patients with cardiac arrest and other emergency cardiovascular conditions.<br />
This past November, the newest set of guidelines pertaining to CPR and emergency cardiovascular care were published by the AHA in a supplement issue of <i>Circulation</i>. The guidelines consist of 16 parts. They address not only cardiac arrest, but also post-arrest care, dysrhythmias, acute coronary syndromes, stroke, cardiac arrest in special situations (eg, pregnancy, pulmonary embolism, etc), pediatric considerations, and ethics. Part I is a summary statement of the major changes in cardiac arrest and emergency cardiovascular care since the previous set of guidelines, which were published in 2005. The highlights of this "Executive Summary" are summarized below. For purposes of brevity, this discussion will focus on adult patients with acute cardiac conditions (cardiac arrest and dysrhythmias), excluding acute coronary syndromes, stroke, and pediatric considerations. The reader should note that the bulk of guideline recommendations, as in past years, are concentrated on victims of primary <i>cardiac</i> arrest and are not necessarily relevant to victims of <i>pulmonary</i> arrest (eg, drowning, drug overdose, etc).<br />
<h4>Study Summary</h4><b>Change from "A-B-C" to "C-A-B." </b>A major change in basic life support is a step away from the traditional approach of airway-breathing-chest compressions (taught with the mnemonic "A-B-C") to first establishing good chest compressions ("C-A-B"). There are several reasons for this change.<br />
<ul><li>Most survivors of adult cardiac arrest have an initial rhythm of ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), and these patients are best treated initially with chest compressions and early defibrillation rather than airway management.</li>
<li>Airway management, whether mouth-to-mouth breathing, bagging, or endotracheal intubation, often results in a delay of initiation of good chest compressions. Airway management is no longer recommended until after the first cycle of chest compressions -- 30 compressions in 18 seconds. The 30 compressions are now recommended to precede the 2 ventilations, which previous guidelines had recommended at the start of resuscitation.</li>
<li>Only a minority of cardiac arrest victims receive bystander CPR. It is believed that a significant obstacle to bystanders performing CPR is their fear of doing mouth-to-mouth breathing. By changing the initial focus of resuscitation to chest compressions rather than airway maneuvers, it is thought that more patients will receive important bystander intervention, even if it is limited to chest compressions.</li>
</ul><b>Basic life support. </b>The traditional recommendation of "look, listen, and feel" has been removed from the basic life support algorithm because the steps tended to be time-consuming and were not consistently useful. Other recommendations:<br />
<ul><li>Hands-only CPR (compressions only -- no ventilations) is recommended for the untrained lay rescuers to obviate their fears of mouth-to-mouth ventilations and to prevent delays/interruptions in compressions.</li>
<li>Pulse checks by lay rescuers should not be attempted because of the frequency of false-positive findings. Instead, it is recommended that lay rescuers should just assume that an adult who suddenly collapses, is unresponsive and not breathing normally (eg, gasping) has had a cardiac arrest, activate the emergency response system, and begin compressions.</li>
<li>Pulse checks by healthcare providers have been de-emphasized in importance. These pulse checks are often inaccurate and produce prolonged interruptions in compressions. If pulse checks are performed, healthcare providers should take no longer than 10 seconds to determine if pulses are present. If no pulse is found within 10 seconds, compressions should resume immediately.</li>
<li>The use of end-tidal CO<sub>2</sub> (ETCO<sub>2</sub>) monitoring is a valuable adjunct for healthcare professionals. When patients have no spontaneous circulation, the ETCO<sub>2</sub> is generally ≤ 10 mm Hg. However, when spontaneous circulation returns, ETCO<sub>2</sub> levels are expected to abruptly increase to at least 35-40 mm Hg. By monitoring these levels, interruptions in compressions for pulse checks become unnecessary.</li>
</ul><b>CPR devices. </b>Several devices have been studied in recent years, including the impedance threshold device and load-distributing band CPR. No improvements in survival to hospital discharge or neurologic outcomes have been proven with any of these devices when compared with standard, conventional CPR.<br />
<b>Electrical therapies</b> <br />
<ul><li>Patients with VF or pulseless VT should receive chest compressions until a defibrillator is ready. Defibrillation should then be performed immediately.</li>
<li>Chest compressions for 1.5-3 minutes before defibrillation in patients with cardiac arrest longer than 4-5 minutes have been recommended in the past, but recent data have not demonstrated improvements in outcome.</li>
<li>Transcutaneous pacing of patients who are in asystole has not been found to be effective and is no longer recommended.</li>
</ul><b>Advanced cardiac life support. </b>Good basic life support, including high-quality chest compressions and rapid defibrillation of shockable rhythms, is again emphasized as the foundation of successful advanced cardiac life support. The recommendations for airway management have undergone 2 major changes: (1) the use of quantitative waveform capnography for confirmation and monitoring of endotracheal tube placement is now a class I recommendation in adults; and (2) the routine use of cricoid pressure during airway management is no longer recommended.<br />
As they did in 2005, the AHA acknowledges once again that as of 2010, data are "still insufficient ...to demonstrate that any drugs improve long-term outcome after cardiac arrest."<br />
Several important changes in recommendations for dysrhythmia management have occurred:<br />
<ul><li>For symptomatic or unstable bradydysrhythmias, intravenous infusion of chronotropic agents (eg, dopamine, epinephrine) is now recommended as an equally effective alternative therapy to transcutaneous pacing when atropine fails;</li>
<li>As noted above, transcutaneous pacing for asystole is no longer recommended; and</li>
<li>Atropine is no longer recommended for routine use in patients with pulseless electrical activity or asystole.</li>
</ul><b>Post-cardiac arrest care. </b>Post-cardiac arrest care has received a great deal of focus in the current guidelines and is probably the most important new area of emphasis. There are several key highlights of post-arrest care:<br />
<ul><li>Induced hypothermia, although best studied in survivors of VF/pulseless VT arrest, is generally recommended for adult survivors of cardiac arrest who remain unconscious, regardless of presenting rhythm. Hypothermia should be initiated as soon as possible after return of spontaneous circulation with a target temperature of 32°C-34°C.</li>
<li>Urgent cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention are recommended for cardiac arrest survivors who demonstrate ECG evidence of ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction regardless of neurologic status. There is also increasing support for patients without ST-segment elevation on ECG who are suspected of having acute coronary syndrome to receive urgent cardiac catheterization.</li>
<li>Hemodynamic optimization to maintain vital organ perfusion, avoidance of hyperventilation, and maintenance of euglycemia are also critical elements in post-arrest care.</li>
</ul><h4>Viewpoint</h4>The AHA 2010 guidelines represent significant progress in the care of victims of cardiac arrest. Most important is the stronger emphasis on post-cardiac arrest care. Induced hypothermia is underscored, and perhaps <i>the</i> most important advance is the recommendation for urgent percutaneous coronary intervention in survivors of cardiac arrest. The wealth of data thus far indicate that post-arrest percutaneous coronary intervention may be the most significant advance toward improving survival and neurologic function since defibrillation was first introduced decades ago.<br />
In reviewing these guidelines, I must admit, however, that I was disappointed that AHA hesitated to adopt the concepts of "cardiocerebral resuscitation" (CCR). CCR also promotes the "C-A-B" approach to resuscitation, but it fosters even further delays in airway intervention -- withholding any form of positive pressure ventilations, in favor of persistent chest compressions, for as long as 5-10 minutes after the cardiac arrest. The current guidelines recommend withholding positive pressure ventilation for a mere 18 seconds. First described in 2002,<sup><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1581933300489915029&postID=9198543970343079969">[1]</a></sup> CCR has been studied more recently as well and demonstrated marked improvements in rates of resuscitation and neurologic survival.<sup><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1581933300489915029&postID=9198543970343079969">[2-4]</a></sup> I think that CCR should be incorporated into basic life support protocols for victims of primary cardiac arrest as quickly as possible to further improve outcomes.<br />
Optimal management of cardiac arrest in the current decade can be summarized simply by "the 4 Cs": <u>C</u>ardiovert/defibrillate, <u>C</u>CR, <u>C</u>ooling, and <u>C</u>atheterization.<br />
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</h1></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-40432017533276400072011-10-08T22:01:00.000-07:002011-10-08T22:01:04.016-07:00FHM-10 2011(Philippines)-Slicer<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvPjGfvoEA1TxeGZyfgMrrjGFtbkyy3coDTuMxulVMLyfZjzdC8oHeRYQf0qkVlO8b4IjORl1EqSzUZY6TG2YCnrXc65iN3eB7RweYWfdTW0S2TaADLY1eqt4lMiU6tPCcLgz8dMO9Xfk/s1600/FHM-October-2011-Philippines.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvPjGfvoEA1TxeGZyfgMrrjGFtbkyy3coDTuMxulVMLyfZjzdC8oHeRYQf0qkVlO8b4IjORl1EqSzUZY6TG2YCnrXc65iN3eB7RweYWfdTW0S2TaADLY1eqt4lMiU6tPCcLgz8dMO9Xfk/s320/FHM-October-2011-Philippines.png" width="248" /></a></div><br />
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-8514707341351002972011-10-04T23:51:00.000-07:002011-10-04T23:51:17.697-07:00Simply Red Greatest Hits<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6SFF5ZKM2TYLiqyOSWj8G04Mtew1ehhCcKY9bmrYg4TcenFNTMf0cZYJGMTHf4qxQVw92XxykeYU6wtKx8WQ9ZYN3HrcsJ_LEDGf492s9Q_0uizrNqKCf5XQuZMTXl3xlVBVxUZilgyo/s1600/41GSQR0MARL._SL500_AA300_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6SFF5ZKM2TYLiqyOSWj8G04Mtew1ehhCcKY9bmrYg4TcenFNTMf0cZYJGMTHf4qxQVw92XxykeYU6wtKx8WQ9ZYN3HrcsJ_LEDGf492s9Q_0uizrNqKCf5XQuZMTXl3xlVBVxUZilgyo/s1600/41GSQR0MARL._SL500_AA300_.jpg" /> </a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br />
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-90504114505367689822011-10-04T16:25:00.000-07:002011-10-04T16:25:21.384-07:00Nescafé Open Up Party Live<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://lh6.ggpht.com/_Ej0w7M1FpiQ/SllN3DlkYDI/AAAAAAAAASI/0FSQ1iY5nt0/s144/AlbumArt%20%28Nescaf%C3%A9%20Open%20Up%29.jpg"><img alt="" border="0" src="http://lh6.ggpht.com/_Ej0w7M1FpiQ/SllN3DlkYDI/AAAAAAAAASI/0FSQ1iY5nt0/s144/AlbumArt%20%28Nescaf%C3%A9%20Open%20Up%29.jpg" style="cursor: pointer; display: block; height: 324px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 324px;" /></a>Tracklisting</div>1. (00:02:31) Shunza - Nescafe Open Up<br />
2. (00:04:16) Mike Hanopol - Panahon Na Naman<br />
3. (00:04:08) Mike Hanopol and Rivermaya - Ulan<br />
4. (00:03:38) Rivermaya - Laki Sa Layaw<br />
5. (00:04:28) Rivermaya - Beep Beep<br />
6. (00:02:57) Sampaguita - Baliw<br />
7. (00:04:13) True Faith - Sayawan<br />
8. (00:03:35) Sampaguita - Huwag Na Lang Kaya<br />
9. (00:05:49) True Faith - Tao<br />
10. (00:04:18) South Border and Hotdog - Ikaw Ang Miss Universe Ng Buhay Ko<br />
11. (00:08:30) Hotdog - Love Of My Life<br />
12. (00:02:47) South Border - Pers Lab<br />
13. (00:05:38) Hotdog - Kahit Kailan<br />
14. (00:04:04) Apo Hiking Society - Magasin<br />
15. (00:02:21) Eraserheads - Pumapatak Ang Ulan<br />
16. (00:04:53) Apo Hiking Society - Pare Ko<br />
17. (00:03:23) Eraserheads - Blue Jeans<br />
<br />
Playing Time.........: 01:11:27<br />
Total Size...........: 66.56 MB<br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: large;"><a href="http://www.easy-share.com/622A29E4EEDF11E09676002481FAD55A/Nescaf%C3%A9%20Open%20Up%20Party%20Live.rar">Download </a></span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-18430949249649279812011-10-04T06:27:00.000-07:002011-10-04T06:27:23.370-07:00Senti, 18 Pinoy Love Hits<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWeZ4aQxtVH1HEd_vI8ItnrO9bjDAgr3G1Nm2-T7IPoMePwmgybrN_QJJ3QIGYf6aDTuvTPlxR5IyIBz_974FifavSUwrGqL2awXJTlvgWMBeKBOc4UFLLVPK1pZvH9qji14Be3siKt3g/s1600/AlbumArt+%2528Senti%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWeZ4aQxtVH1HEd_vI8ItnrO9bjDAgr3G1Nm2-T7IPoMePwmgybrN_QJJ3QIGYf6aDTuvTPlxR5IyIBz_974FifavSUwrGqL2awXJTlvgWMBeKBOc4UFLLVPK1pZvH9qji14Be3siKt3g/s1600/AlbumArt+%2528Senti%2529.jpg" /></a></div><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.easy-share.com/22086C30EE8B11E09676002481FAD55A/Senti,%2018%20Pinoy%20Love%20Hits.rar">Download</a><br />
</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-34264988476737674292011-03-16T17:48:00.000-07:002011-03-16T17:48:25.486-07:00How to know a girl by means of her coffee?This one I find very interesting. This is really great. Imagine, through how a girl orders coffee one can understand a little bit of her while enjoying one's company on a date. Wow! Just read it!<br />
<br />
Why is having coffee together best way to get to know someone? Simple: her preference tells you a bit about her, things you find out beyond the conversation. Therefore, what she has on the coffee date should tell you if you’re going to hit it off…<br />
<br />
1. Black, no sugar - direct to the point kind of person, possibly aggressive, confident<br />
2. Black, one or two sugars - not as aggressive as above, and is more approachable<br />
3. Cream and sugar - she's simple in her tastes, possibly a homebody<br />
4. Cream and sugar, sweet - the kind who likes to be pampered or likes to pamper others<br />
5. With some ordinary flavoring (cinnamon, nutmeg, etc) - with some sense of adventure<br />
6. With some exotic flavoring (mint, etc) - with a lot of adventure, maybe a bit eccentric, even<br />
7. Frappucino-types - medyo kikay<br />
8. Cappuccino – medyo class, la sofisticada<br />
9. Espresso (single) – she’s something of the intellectual type<br />
10. Espresso (double) - she’s something of the intellectual type and wants to last the night (hopefully, with you)<br />
11. With chocolate (mocha, hazelnut, etc) - has a strong streak of the romantic<br />
12. With brandy/ rum/ sherry - this publicly prim and proper lady sizzles in private<br />
13. Strong brewed – the woman-on-top type (loves to be in-charge and take the lead)<br />
14. Proper tea - a purist, bit of a perfectionist (baka naman di siya pinay?)<br />
15. Tea in bags - like above, pero definitely, pinay to-its<br />
16. Herbal infusions (chamomile, etc) - a bit of New Age girl in her (side note: they are the best kissers)<br />
17. Non-coffee bean coffees (cardamom) and non-tea leaf teas (green, peppermint, strawberry, etc.) – same as above, but she loves to travel and try new things<br />
18. Chocolate - what sort of nut drinks chocolate on a coffee date in a hot place like Pilipinas? Unless, of course, it's just before bed... mmmmmmm<br />
19. Any hot coffee ordered lukewarm – this girl is only pretending to enjoy coffee, but likes you enough to go on a coffee date with you.<br />
20. Milk - unless she has ulcers, a girl who has milk on a coffee date is just plain freaky. (We don't know why, they just are.)Unknownnoreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-79640005541371093532011-03-13T16:37:00.000-07:002011-03-13T16:40:41.169-07:00Australian Immigration News - March 2011New campaign of Australia to attract skilled migrants<br />
<br />
Friday, 11 February 2011<br />
<br />
In order to attract skilled migrants to Canberra, a new campaign named "Live in Canberra" will be launched by The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Government between 9 February and 28 February 2011.<br />
<br />
Accordingly, an ACT delegation will travel to Amsterdam, London, Cape Town, Durban, Dublin and Johannesburg. Together with the ACT Government's Skilled and Business Migration Program, the delegation will work to boost opportunities in Canberra and the city's lifestyle<br />
<br />
Jon Stanhope, Chief Minister for the ACT stated that the campaign will "incorporate one immigration expo and 15 targeted skilled and business migration seminars"<br />
<br />
"One-on-one meetings are scheduled in each city with skilled workers considering a move to Canberra and with locally based migration agents wishing to promote Canberra's opportunities to their clients," he said.<br />
<br />
"The team will speak to people with skills that are in demand in Canberra's local industries including health, building and construction, finance, administration, management, engineering and Information and Communications Technology (ICT).<br />
<br />
The ACT's economy currently ranks first in Australia and unemployment is close to record lows. According to Stanhope, Canberra must "continue to attract a steady flow of skilled workers to ensure our economy maintains its momentum."<br />
<br />
If you are interested in Australian Visas, contact Migration Expert for information and advice on which visa is best suited to you. You can also try our visa eligibility assessment to see if you are eligible to apply for a visa to Australia.<br />
For more info click on the link below:<br />
http://www.migrationexpert.com.au/visa/australian_immigration_news/2011/feb/0/414/new_campaign_of_australia_to_attract_skilled_migrantsUnknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-42780143914991970412011-03-13T16:34:00.000-07:002011-03-13T16:34:53.428-07:00CANADIAN IMMIGRATION NEWSCanadian visa applications for Yukon to be self-managed<br />
<br />
Tuesday, 8 March 2011<br />
<br />
A new agreement that gives the province of Yukon the role of self-managing the Temporary Foreign Worker Program within the Territory has been signed by The Governments of Canada and Yukon.<br />
<br />
You can live & work in Canada! go ><br />
<br />
According to the agreement, Yukon will be permitted to manage applications for the Canadian Temporary Foreign Worker Visa program within the province.<br />
<br />
Yukon will be more responsible for helping foreign workers come to Canada via Temporary Foreign Worker Program. Yukon's Government can recommend overseas workers to immigrate to Canada without requiring a Service Canada assessment to determine if there are Canadians or permanent residents available to fill the vacant positions.<br />
<br />
In an announcement on Feb 24, Patrick Rouble, Yukon Minister of Education and Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources expressed that the new agreement will offer more opportunities for Yukon to attract foreign labour.<br />
<br />
“This agreement provides one more tool for Yukon’s labour market stakeholders to address Yukon’s labour market opportunities, both now and into the future,” said Minister Rouble.<br />
<br />
“Our first priority is to work with underrepresented groups in Yukon to meet labour force demands and turn to temporary foreign workers when the need arises” he added.<br />
<br />
If you are interested in Immigration to Canada, contact Migration Expert for information and advice on which visa is best suited to you. You can also try our visa eligibility assessment to see if you are eligible to apply for a visa to Canada.Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-90289605642946728612011-02-26T17:20:00.000-08:002011-02-26T17:29:04.857-08:00Why God Allows PainA man went to a barbershop to have his hair cut and his beard trimmed.<br />
As the barber began to work, they began to have a good conversation.<br />
They talked about so many things and various subjects.<br />
When they eventually touched on the subject of God, the barber said:<br />
"I don't believe that God exists."<br />
<br />
"Why do you say that?" asked the customer. "Well, you just have to go out in <br />
the street to realize that God doesn't exist.<br />
Tell me, if God exists, would there be so many sick people?<br />
Would there be abandoned children?<br />
<br />
If God existed, there would be neither suffering nor pain.<br />
I can't imagine a loving God who would allow all of these things."<br />
The customer thought for a moment, but didn't respond because he didn't want to start an argument.<br />
The barber finished his job and the customer left the shop.<br />
<br />
Just after he left the barbershop, he saw a man in the street with long, stringy, dirty hair and an untrimmed beard.<br />
He looked dirty and unkempt. The customer turned back and entered the barber shop again and he said to the barber:<br />
"You know what? Barbers do not exist."<br />
"How can you say that?" asked the surprised barber.<br />
"I am here, and I am a barber. And I just worked on you!"<br />
"No!" the customer exclaimed. "Barbers don't exist because<br />
if they did, there would be no people with dirty long hair and untrimmed <br />
beards, like that man outside."<br />
<br />
"Ah, but barbers DO exist! That's what happens when people do not come to me."<br />
"Exactly!" affirmed the customer. "That's the point! God, too, DOES exist!<br />
That's what happens when people do not go to Him and don't look to Him for help.<br />
That's why there's so much pain and suffering in the world."Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-35863570847893356152011-02-03T07:59:00.000-08:002011-02-03T07:59:54.098-08:0025 Things about God<input name="IL_RELATED_TAGS" type="hidden" value="1" /><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">I love this! Let's keep it going! No catches. Just the peace in knowing that you were able to share God's love and </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">wisdom to all those you have contact with and even bless someone you don't know. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
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<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1. Give God what's right -- not what's left. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">2. Man's way leads to a hopeless end! - God's way leads to an endless hope. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">3. A lot of kneeling will keep you in good standing. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">4. He who kneels before God can stand before anyone. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">5. In the sentence of life, the devil may be a comma--but never let him be the period. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">6. Don't put a question mark where God puts a period. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">7. Are you wrinkled with burden? Come to the church for a face-lift. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">8. When praying, don't give God instructions - just report for duty. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">9. Don't wait for six strong men to take you to church. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">10. We don't change God's message -- His message changes us. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">11. The church is prayer-conditioned. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">12. When God ordains, He sustains. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">13. WARNING: Exposure to the Son may prevent burning. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">14. Plan ahead -- It wasn't raining when <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1296748467_0" style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent; cursor: pointer;">Noah built the ark</span>. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">15. Most people want to serve God, but only in an advisory position. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">16. Suffering from <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1296748467_1">truth decay</span>? Brush up on your Bible. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">17. Exercise daily -- walk with the Lord. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">18. Never give the devil a ride -- he will always want to drive. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">19. Nothing else ruins the truth like stretching it. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">20. Compassion is difficult to give away because it keeps coming back. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">21. He who angers you controls you. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">22. Worry is the darkroom in which negatives can develop. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">23. Give Satan an inch & he'll be a ruler. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">24. Be ye <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1296748467_2" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136); cursor: pointer;">fishers of men</span> -- you catch them & He'll clean them.. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: #1f497d; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">25. God doesn't call the qualified, He qualifies the called. </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i><br />
<br />
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">LORD God, bless the person reading this in whatever it </span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i></b><br />
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">is that You know he or she may be needing </span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i></b><br />
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">this day....) </span></i></b><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-size: 10pt;"></span></i></b><br />
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1296748467_3">Live LIFE</span> to the fullest, for we only live once...</span></i></b></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-25976338525672036862011-02-02T04:57:00.000-08:002011-02-02T04:57:56.612-08:00Sexual Dysfunction<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><input name="IL_RELATED_TAGS" type="hidden" value="1" /><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Describe what happens during the four phases of sexual response described by stimuli Masters and Johnson </span></b></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">1.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Excitement: internal or external </span></b><span style="font-family: Wingdings;"> </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">activation of the central</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">nervous system (CNS) deep breathing, increase in heart rate,blood pressure, and sexualtension; generalized vasocongestion skin flush, breast engorgement, nipple</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;"> erection, engorgement of labia and clitoris, vaginal transudation, and uterine tenting</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">2.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Plateau: marked degree of vasocongestion throughout the body </span></b><span style="font-family: Wingdings;">_ </span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">further engorgement of</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">the labia, lower third of vagina, breast, and areolae. Secretion from </span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">the Bartholin glands, retraction of the clitoris, vagina lengthens with dilation of the upper two-thirds, muscle tension begins to build up</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;"></span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">3.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Orgasm</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">: release of sexual tension, generalized myotonic contractions, perivaginal muscles and </span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Anal sphincter contract at precise intervals, vaginal and uterine contractions</span></div><div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">4.<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Resolution: </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">a gradual diminution of sexual tension and response</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What is the biopsychosocial model of female sexual response? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">The biopsychosocial nature of female sexual response is influenced by the dynamic interaction of four components: </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">biologic</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">, </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">psychologic</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">,</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">sociocultural influences</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">, and </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">interpersonal relationships</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">. All of these components must be addressed in order to achieve sexual satisfaction</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What are the possible etiologies of sexual dysfunction? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">1. Change in vascularity (atherosclerosis, pudendal artery insufficiency affecting vaginal</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">vasocongestion)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">2. Neurogenic causes (spinal cord dysfunction or injuries)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">3. Depression or anxiety disorders</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">4. Medications (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor [SSRI], tricyclic antidepressants, H2 blocker, and some antihypertensive medication)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">5. Psychosocial factors (prior history of sexual abuse, religious or cultural expectation, fear of rejection or intimacy, and distorted body image)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">6. Hormonal changes (premature ovarian failure and menopause)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What is the prevalence of sexual dysfunction? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Studies show a range of 10–60%; the average is 43%</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What are the types of female sexual dysfunction and what is the main symptom of each? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">1. Sexual desire disorders:</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">decreased sexual fantasy and/or desire, sexual aversion</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">2. Sexual arousal disorders: decreased genital vasocongestion </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">and lubrication</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">3. Orgasmic disorders: </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">anorgasmia</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">4. Sexual pain disorders</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">: vaginismus, dyspareunia, noncoital sexual pain</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">How should the question of sexual dysfunction be addressed?</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in; text-indent: 3.75pt;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">The evaluation should involve an</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">interview of the couple and each partner separately. A complete assessment should include past medical, psychological, sexual history and physical examination including gynecologic examination. Each patient should be asked if she has any</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">questions or concerns about her sexual activity. The most important aspect of taking a sexual history is to make the patient feel comfortable</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What hormones influence vaginal blood flow? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Estrogen </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">and </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">testosterone </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">increase vaginal blood flow; </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Progesterone </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">diminishes vaginal blood flow</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What types of therapies are available for the treatment of sexual dysfunction? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">1. Nonpharmacologic therapy: Patient education, lifestyle </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">and </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">behavioral changes</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">should be tried first</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">2. Pharmacologic therapy</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">: Hormones: </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">estrogen</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">increases genital blood flow and enhanced lubrication </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Testosterone</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">may improve libido, data nonconclusive Herbal therapy: (e.g., St. John<span lang="EN-US">’</span>s wort, ginseng, yohimbine) generally ineffective L-Arginine: increases nitric oxide</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">(NO) leading to genital vasocongestion; needs further study Tibolone: used for osteoporosis; has</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">androgenic activity that may improve sexual function Sildenafil: a vasodilator; datainconclusive on its benefit for women, not FDA approved</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Describe what changes occur with aging that affect sexual function </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">1. Decreased libido </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">2. Hormonal changes</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">estrogen levels gradually drop leading to vaginal atrophy and dryness.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Testosterone levels decrease </span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">leading to a decrease in arousal andintensity and frequency of orgasm</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">3. Medical issues</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">increase in medical problems and use of medications that may affect sexual</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">function</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">4. Past experiences</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">for example, recurrent dyspareunia can lead to introital spasm, which can further impede sexual function</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">5. Relationship issues</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">6. Self-esteem changes</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What types of medication or substances can lead to sexual dysfunction? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Alcohol; antihypertensives; illicit drugs; SSRIs Psychotropic Antihistaminic</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What are the adverse effects of SSRI use on sexual function? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">SSRIs have been reported to reduce libido in women and men, to cause anorgasmia in women, and to</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">increase ejaculation latency in men</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What types of changes occur under the following circumstances that may affect female sexual function? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"> During pregnancy</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">: breast tenderness, mild cervical bleeding during intercourse, and uterine</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">contractions with orgasm</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Postpartum</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">: fatigue, vaginal dryness, bleeding, vaginal discomfort</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What is hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD)? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Recurrent and persistent lack of sexual fantasies or desires </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">or</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">receptivity to sexual activity that</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">causes personal distress</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">How should HSDD be evaluated? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Take a careful history including medications, medical illness, depression, substance abuse, and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">stress. Thyroid test and prolactin levels may be indicated if there is any suggestion of hyperprolactinemia. Androgen levels are not useful in the majority of cases</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">How should HSDD be treated? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Physiologic causes should be assessed and managed. Further treatment may require individual therapy or relationship therapy</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What is sexual aversion disorder? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">It is characterized by a phobia with </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">avoidance of sexual contact </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">and severe anxiety associated with contemplation of sexual activity</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What are sexual arousal disorders and how are they treated? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">When women experience desire and orgasm, but </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">lack signs of sexual</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">stimulation</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">, such as lubrication and genital vasocongestion. Treatment includes masturbation, vaginal lubricants, vibrator to increase stimulation, foreplay, distraction technique to alleviate anxiety, and/or</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">estrogen replacement therapy for postmenopausal women</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What is orgasmic dysfunction and how is it treated? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">A </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">persistent delay in or absence of orgasm </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">after sufficient stimulation and arousal resulting in distress or interpersonal difficulty. Treatment involves orgasm goal directed sexual</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Counselling</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What types of orgasmic dysfunction exists? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Primary anorgasmia </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">is found in 5<span lang="EN-US">–</span>10% of women and is lifelong</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Secondary anorgasmia </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">is often related to relationship problems, medications, medical illness,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">depression, substance abuse, and self-monitoring/anxiety during arousal</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What types of sexual pain disorders exist and what are they? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Vaginismus (recurrent involuntary contraction of the vaginal musculature </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">during vaginal penetration)</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">Dyspareunia </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">(</span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">general pain </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">that occurs before, during, or after intercourse)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What organic disorders must be ruled out when vaginismus is diagnosed? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Endometriosis; PID; partial imperforate hymen; vaginal stenosis</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">How is vaginismus treated? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Education; relaxation techniques; kegel exercises; progressive vaginal dilatation</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">What organic disorders must be ruled out when dyspareunia is diagnosed? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">Bartholin cysts; vulvitis; vestibulitis;vaginitis; clitoral irritation/ hypersensitivity; rigid hymenal ring/introital scar tissue; vaginal atrophy and dryness; pelvic adhesion; fibroid; endometriosis</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold;">How is dyspareunia treated? </span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman;">The treatment depends on the etiology</span><br />
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</div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-59837248113797295432011-01-29T16:31:00.000-08:002011-01-29T20:06:52.576-08:00STERILIZATION METHODS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: HelveticaNeue-BoldCond; font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%;"><br />
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</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>What methods are available for surgical sterilization?</b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"> </div><div class="MsoNoSpacing">Male: vasectomy<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">—</span><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">ligation of vas </span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">deferens preventing passage of sperm into seminal fluid</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing">Female: <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">1. </span>Ligation/removal <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">of a section of the </span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">fallopian tube</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">—</span><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">involves laparotomy or laparoscopy</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";"> 2. </span>Mechanical blockage— <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">using rings, coils, clips,</span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">or plugs</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";"> 3. </span>Coagulation-induced blockage—<span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">usually</span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">through cauterization</span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">methods</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>What are the overall risks and benefits of female sterilization? </b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">Risks: 1. Anesthesia/surgical complications</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";"> 2. Ectopic pregnancy</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">—</span><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">failed procedures can result in an increased risk of ectopic pregnancies</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";"> 3. Regret of the procedure (especially in younger people)</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";"> 4. Does not stop the spread of HIV or other STIs Benefits: </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">1. Not coitally dependent</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">2. Decreased risk of ovarian cancer</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing" style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">3. No evidence of menstrual irregularity or dysmenorrhea</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>What are the risks and benefits of each of the female sterilization procedures? </b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing">Ligation <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">is one of the </span>oldest methods <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">of sterilization with the </span>lowest failure rate (0.8%) <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">but it is not easily</span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">reversed</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing">Mechanical blockage <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">with a clip is the </span>most readily reversed method <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">but it also has the </span>highest failure rate (3.7%)</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing">Coagulation-induced blockage <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">with electrocautery is the </span>fastest<span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";"> </span>procedure <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">with a </span>low failure rate<span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";"> </span>(2.5%)<span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">, but there is increased risk of electrical damage to surrounding structures</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>What are some advantages and disadvantages of a vasectomy? </b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">Advantages: effectiveness is very high</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">—</span><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">typical first-year failure </span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">rate 0.15%; simpler, surgically safer, more cost-effective than female sterilization; Males share contraception responsibility with females </span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">Disadvantages: does not protect against STIs</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Is reversibility after a female sterilization procedure and vasectomy possible?</b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">Reversibility after a female </span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">sterilization procedure is generally very difficult and has been reported as only </span>60% <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">effective.</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing">As for vasectomy<span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">, men are generally counseled </span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">that it is permanent. About </span>50–70% <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">of men who have a reversal become fertile. The chance of becoming fertile decreases with increasing time after the procedure</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>If a woman in her early twenties with two children requests tubal sterilization, what is the next appropriate recommendation?</b></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">Considering the woman</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">’</span><span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">s age, you</span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">must inform her of the risk for regret</span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">of the procedure and of the permanence </span> <span style="font-family: "Palatino-Roman","serif";">of tubal sterilization/ difficulty of reversal</span></div><div class="MsoNoSpacing"><br />
</div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-49335407836080925812011-01-25T05:43:00.000-08:002011-01-25T05:45:06.130-08:00Family Planning Methods<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-PH</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:DontVertAlignCellWithSp/> <w:DontBreakConstrainedForcedTables/> <w:DontVertAlignInTxbx/> <w:Word11KerningPairs/> <w:CachedColBalance/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<div class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: HelveticaNeue-BoldCond; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">As promised, here’s the next topic which I hope you will learn from in studying about female physiology. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: HelveticaNeue-BoldCond; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Family Planning</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">How many American women use<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Between </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">89% and 93%</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">; yet </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">53% </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">of</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">contraception and what are the rates of<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">births are either unintended or</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">unintended or mistimed pregnancy in the <span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">mistimed</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">United States?</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What are some of the reasons for <span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Failure of the method; Incorrect use;</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">contraception failure?<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Nonadherence</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What are the two measures for <span> </span>1. Theoretical effectiveness (perfect</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">effectiveness of a contraceptive method? use)<span> </span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;"><span> </span></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">the pregnancy rate among women who use the method</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">correctly every time</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">2. Actual effectiveness (typicaluse)</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">—</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">includes the chances of inconsistent or incorrect use</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What factors about each method must be<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Coital dependence, convenience,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">considered when counseling about<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">cost, duration of action, protection</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">contraception? <span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), effect on menses, religion, reversibility, acceptability,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and side effects</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What are the five main classes of<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">1. Rhythm method</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">contraception? <span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 8pt; line-height: 115%;">2. </span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">Barrier methods</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">3. Hormonal contraceptives</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">4. Intrauterine devices (IUDs)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">5. Sterilization</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Rank the following contraceptives from</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">the highest to the lowest with respect to</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">actual effectiveness. What is the failure</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">rate associated with each?</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Condom, diaphragm/cervical cap,<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">IUDs (0.1<span lang="EN-US">–</span>2%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">injectable/implantable hormonal<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Sterilization (0.4<span lang="EN-US">–</span>4%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">contraception, oral contraception, periodic</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">abstinence (fertility awareness method), <span> </span><span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Injectable hormonal contraception</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">spermicide, sterilization, withdrawal<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">(<1%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Oral contraceptives (5%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Male condom (14%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Diaphragm or cervical cap (20%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Female condom (21%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Periodic abstinence (25%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Withdrawal (19%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Spermicide (26%)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is the fertility awareness method?<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Predicting the time of month when a</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">woman is </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">most fertile </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">abstaining </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">during that time. Also known as the rhythm method</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What three methods can be used to predict<span> </span> 1. Date of the last menstrual period:</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">fertility and which days are women <span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">days 8<span lang="EN-US">–</span>19 of the cycle</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">presumed to be fertile?<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">(peri-ovulation)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">2. Changes in body temperature:</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">after menstruation until 3 days after an increase in basal body temperature by 0.5<span lang="EN-US">–</span>1</span><span style="font-size: 9pt;">°</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">F</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">3. Changes in cervical mucus: </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">when the mucus becomes clear and stretchy (peri-ovulation) known as spinbarkeit</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Why are fertility awareness methods<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Because people </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">do not always</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">unreliable?<span> </span> abstain </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">during this time and because there is always </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">some chance of</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">fertility </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">on the <span lang="EN-US">“</span>non-fertile<span lang="EN-US">”</span> days.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Body temperature and cervical mucus (especially if used together) are moreeffective than the calendar method because of irregular cycle lengths</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is the withdrawal method? <span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The withdrawal method is when the male </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">withdraws </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">from the vagina </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">before ejaculation</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. It is ineffective when not timed correctly or when the pre-ejaculatory fluid contains sperm </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Is lactation an effective means of birth<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Lactation is somewhat effective as a</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">control?<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">means of birth control because of the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">prolactin-induced inhibition of</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;"> </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">GnRH</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">, which leads to a delay in return</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">to ovulation. Additional contraception should be used by breast- feeding women to prevent pregnancy</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What factors affect the effectiveness of <span> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The number of times a woman breast</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">lactation as a means of birth control?<span> </span> </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">feeds each day; How effective breast feeding is (i.e., how much milk she is producing); If the child is getting any supplemental feeding</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-indent: -3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Next topic</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">…</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;"> Sterilization Methods..</span></div></div><iframe src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=rednur-20&o=1&p=8&l=bpl&asins=B003ZSJ212&fc1=000000&IS2=1<1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="align:left;padding-top:5px;width:131px;height:245px;padding-right:10px;"align="left" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0"></iframe>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-58656271187511708752011-01-15T06:00:00.000-08:002011-01-15T06:00:54.218-08:00Facts on Menstrual cycle<input name="IL_RELATED_TAGS" type="hidden" value="1" /><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="MsoNormal">When I was still a student, I didn’t like maternal and child nursing or topics that pertain to taking care of pregnant women and the child. I really find it hard to understand and memorize facts about it and so I really am having difficulty appreciating it. But then again, when you are in this profession or whatever profession you are in right now you really could not get away from topics that you hated most back when you were studying. And so, I would like to take this opportunity to share to you some information’s from Maternal and child nursing which I think is very helpful not only for me but also for all of the students out there who are finding their way to becoming a nurse. Lets start from some basic concepts.</div><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilw4mGoRgqtXMRHICOghQGKcCf67IxfUUFL5qz_ATBVvO43DLKhFEHdSuF_oy-C03hhdrF1q8CZiCFEImMowy8FsTK0YK9Lib0RYAMZUkemGOEEOZ2OiaoNLIpQWY7OkJyUDG0AfDElTo/s1600/05-07-Menstrual.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilw4mGoRgqtXMRHICOghQGKcCf67IxfUUFL5qz_ATBVvO43DLKhFEHdSuF_oy-C03hhdrF1q8CZiCFEImMowy8FsTK0YK9Lib0RYAMZUkemGOEEOZ2OiaoNLIpQWY7OkJyUDG0AfDElTo/s320/05-07-Menstrual.jpg" width="233" /></a></div><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal"><b>Menstrual Cycle Physiology </b></div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is the average duration of the </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The average duration of the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">menstrual cycle, duration of menses, and </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">menstrual cycle is </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">28 days</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. The</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">amount of blood loss during menses? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">average duration of menstrual flow</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">is </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">4 days</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. On an average, women lose</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">less than </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">60 mL of blood </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">during each</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">menses</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What are the two phases of the menstrual Follicular </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">(or </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">proliferative</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">) phase and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">cycle and how long does each last? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">luteal </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">(or </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">secretory</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">) phase,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">separated by </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">ovulation</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. (Follicular/</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">luteal describe the ovarian changes,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">proliferative/secretory describe the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">endometrial changes)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">By convention, day 1 marks the onset</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">of menses. The follicular phase begins</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">on day 1 and lasts approximately</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">14 </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">days (days 1<span lang="EN-US">–</span>14) in a 28-day cycle,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">until ovulation occurs. The luteal</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">phase then commences and lasts until</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">approximately day </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">28 </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">(days 14<span lang="EN-US">–</span>28)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What causes the variability in the length </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The duration of the follicular phase</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">of the menstrual cycle? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">(the luteal phase is constant)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Describe the hormone pathway involved </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The cycle begins in the arcuate</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">in the menstrual cycle (see Fig. 4-1) and </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">nucleus of the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">hypothalamus </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">where</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">name which structures produce gonadotrophin-releasing hormone</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">each hormone (GnRH) </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">is released in a pulsatile</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">fashion. GnRH stilmulates the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">anterior pituitary </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">to release </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">folliclestimulating</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">hormone (FSH) </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">luteinizing hormone (LH)</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. These</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">gonadotropins then cause the ovaries</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">to release the sex steroid hormones</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">estradiol </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">progesterone</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Estrogen</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and progesterone feedback</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">negatively on both the hypothalamus</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">andthe pituitary gland</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is happening in the ovary during the </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The ovary beings with</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">menstrual cycle? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">approximately one million </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">primordial</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">follicles at birth (20 million at week</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">20 in utero)</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. Each follicle contains an</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">oocyte arrested in </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">prophase of</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">meiosis</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. The oocyte is surrounded by</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">pre-granulosa cells and these are</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">surrounded by pre-theca cells. In the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">follicular phase, FSH stimulates the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">pre-granulosa cells to become</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">granulosa cells. The </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">granulosa cells</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">secrete </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">estradiol</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. The pre-theca cells</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">in turn become </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">theca cells </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and secrete</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">androgens</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">, which are aromatized by</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">the granulosa cells into estradiol.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">One follicle with the highest number</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">of granulosa cells, FSH receptors, and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">estradiol production becomes the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">dominant follicle </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and all other</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">follicles become atretic. This follicle is</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">released during ovulation and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">becomes the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">corpus luteum</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. The</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">corpus luteum secretes progesterone</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and a smaller amount of estrogen</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">during the follicular phase of the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">cycle. If fertilization does not occur, it</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">degenerates into the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">corpus albicans</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is the function of the corpus luteum? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Secretion of </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">progesterone </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">estradiol</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. It is the only structure that</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">produces progesterone in significant</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">quantities which sustains the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">pregnancy until the placenta is</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">developed</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is happening to hormone levels in </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">At menstruation, concentrations of</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">the follicular phase? estradiol</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">, </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">progesterone</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">, and </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">LH </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">are</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">at their </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">lowest </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">point. </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">FSH and LH</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">levels begin to rise </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">in response to</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">the low estrogen and progesterone.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Estradiol </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">levels, secreted from the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">dominant ovarian follicle, begin to</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">rise by day 4. Just before ovulation,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">estradiol levels peak. This peak</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">causes a positive feedback on LH</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">secretion, leading to the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">LH surge</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and a </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">smaller FSH surge</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">, which</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">results in </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">ovulation </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">30<span lang="EN-US">–</span>38 hours</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">later. </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Progesterone </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">levels remain </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">low</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">throughout the follicular phase</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is happening to hormone levels in </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The LH surge causes granulosa and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">the luteal phase? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">theca cells to secrete </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">progesterone</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and smaller amounts of </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">estrogen.</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Progesterone peaks </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">3<span lang="EN-US">–</span>4 days after</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">ovulation.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Estrogen levels decrease immediately</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">after ovulation but slowly rise with</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">the growth of the corpus luteum.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Progesterone and estrogen (at low to</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">moderate levels) both act via negative</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">feedback to </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">suppress LH </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">FSH</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. If</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">fertilization and implantation do not</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">occur, progesterone and estradiol</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">levels diminish after 11 days. FSH</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">increases as the corpus luteum</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">regresses</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is happening to the endometrium in </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">At menses, the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">endometrium sloughs</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">the proliferative phase? off </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">until it becomes a thin line. During</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">the proliferative phase estradiol levels</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">rise, resulting in the proliferation of</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">the uterine endometrium. The</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">endometrium becomes </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">thicker </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">more glandular </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">and the </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">spiral arteries</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">elongate</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. On ultrasound, it appears as</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">a <span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">triple stripe</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">”</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;"> pattern</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What is happening to the endometrium in </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The progesterone released from the</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">the secretory phase? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">corpus luteum leads to </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">slowing of</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 2.5in; text-indent: 0.5in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">endometrial proliferation</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">reorganization of the glands (resulting</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">in a more </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">edematous stroma</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">), and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">further </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">coiling of the spiral arteries</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">This results in the loss of the <span lang="EN-US">“</span>triple</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">stripe<span lang="EN-US">”</span> pattern and its replacement</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">with a </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">uniformly bright</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">endometrium. If pregnancy does not</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">occur, the endometrium degenerates</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What are the primary clinical Estradiol</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">manifestations of estradiol and </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Endometrium: thickens stroma and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">progesterone during the menstrual cycle? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">elongates glands (creates </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">proliferative</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">endometrium</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">); Endocervix: stimulates</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">secretion of thin, </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">watery mucus</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">.</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Produces <span lang="EN-US">“</span></span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">ferning</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">”</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;"> pattern when</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">spread on a glass slide;</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Vagina: promotes </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">vaginal thickening</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">Progesterone</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Endometrium: causes tissue to</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">become edematous and blood vessels</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">to thicken and twist (creates</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">secretory endometrium</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">);</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">Endocervix: </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">thickens </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">endocervical</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">mucus, causing it to become stringy</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">;</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Breast: stimulates acinar glands,</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">causing breasts to round;</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">Other: </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">raises basal body temperature</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">by 0.6<span lang="EN-US">–</span>1</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">°</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">F. Causes some women to</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">have the emotional, physical, and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">behavioral changes of premenstrual</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">syndrome (PMS)</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What layer of the endometrium sloughs </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">The </span><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">functionalis layer (inner layer)</span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">off during menses? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">sloughs off after glandular and</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">stromal degeneration</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 2.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">What hormone mediates menstrual Prostaglandins</span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">, especially PGF</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 6pt;">2</span><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 6pt;">á</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">. It is</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt;">cramps and how is it synthesized? </span></b><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">released by the secretory</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">endometrium in response to</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 3in;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt;">progesterone and causes uterine</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 3in; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">contractions</span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">That</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Bold; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">’</span><span style="font-family: Palatino-Roman; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">s it. Hope you learned something from this. Next time, I will be posting about family planning.. till next time.. </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 1.5in;"><br />
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</div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-53348544142079175342011-01-13T23:36:00.000-08:002011-01-14T04:31:44.172-08:00<input name="IL_RELATED_TAGS" type="hidden" value="1" /><br />
<div class="yiv877300903MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="color: #ff8100; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 26pt;">"Importance of having Breakfast"</span><span style="color: navy; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 26pt;"> </span><span style="color: black; font-family: "sans-serif";"></span></div><span style="color: navy; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Breakfast can help prevent strokes, <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1294989421_0" style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent; border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136); cursor: pointer;">heart attack</span> and <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1294989421_1" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136); cursor: pointer;">sudden death</span>. Advice on not to skip breakfast! Healthy living. For those who always skip breakfast, you should stop that habit now! You've heard many times that "Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. Now, recent research confirms that one of the worst practices you can develop may be avoiding breakfast. Why?</span><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm5If8AVxKZycCx_vuWTODr9ggWfQKmGMDI-uf9JfmoP1b1tSR4-m1GilybTC8up797QOvzFNCENWvVSCDwimLcgqOOQJ3PftUo8IAQdeDPkwzcScSUxBj330Dk00ytn1X_NILIbfNPYM/s1600/download.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm5If8AVxKZycCx_vuWTODr9ggWfQKmGMDI-uf9JfmoP1b1tSR4-m1GilybTC8up797QOvzFNCENWvVSCDwimLcgqOOQJ3PftUo8IAQdeDPkwzcScSUxBj330Dk00ytn1X_NILIbfNPYM/s320/download.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><br />
<span style="color: black; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"></span><br />
<span dir="RTL"></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: blue; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><span dir="RTL"></span> </span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="color: navy; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Because the frequency of heart attack, sudden death, and stroke peaks between 6: 00a.m. and noon, with the highest incidence being between 8: 00a.m. and 10:00a.m.What mechanism within the body could account for this significant jump in sudden death in the early morning hours? We may have an Answer. Platelet, tiny elements in the blood that keep us from bleeding to Death if we get a cut, can clump together inside our arteries due to <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1294989421_2" style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% transparent; border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136); cursor: pointer;">Cholesterol</span> or plaque buildup in the artery lining. It is in the morning hours that platelets become the most activated and tend to form these internal <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1294989421_3" style="border-bottom: 2px dotted rgb(54, 99, 136); cursor: pointer;">blood clots</span> at the greatest frequency. </span><span style="color: navy; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;"></span><br />
<span style="color: navy; font-family: "sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">However, eating even a very light breakfast prevents the morning platelet activation that is associated with <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1294989421_4">heart attacks</span> and strokes. Studies performed at <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1294989421_5">Memorial University</span> in St.Johns, Newfoundland found that eating a light, very low-fat breakfast was critical in modifying the morning platelet activation. Subjects in the study consumed either low-fat or fat-free yogurt, <span class="yshortcuts" id="lw_1294989421_6">orange juice</span>, fruit, and a source of protein coming from yogurt or fat-free milk. So if you skip breakfast, it's important that you change this practice immediately in light of this research. Develop a simple plan to eat cereal, such as oatmeal or Bran Flakes, along with six ounces of grape juice or orange juice, and perhaps a piece of fruit. This simple plan will keep your platelets from sticking together, keep blood clots from forming, and perhaps head off a potential Heart Attack or stroke. So never ever skip breakfast</span><iframe align="left" frameborder="0" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" scrolling="no" src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=rednur-20&o=1&p=8&l=bpl&asins=B003AO1SVS&fc1=000000&IS2=1&lt1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="height: 245px; padding-right: 10px; padding-top: 5px; width: 131px;"></iframe>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-10252081532203261982011-01-06T08:19:00.000-08:002011-01-06T08:19:34.503-08:0099 Interesting Facts About Guys!<input name="IL_RELATED_TAGS" type="hidden" value="1" />We always read articles about how to understand women.. This I recently read about how to understand guys.. hope you like it.. please have your thought about this. thanks<br />
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<br />
1. Guys don't actually look after good-looking girls. They prefer neat and presentable girls.<br />
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2. Guys love flirts.<br />
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3. A guy can like you for a minute, and then forget you afterwards.<br />
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4. When a guy says he doesn't understand you, it simply means <br />
you're not thinking the way he is.<br />
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5. "Are you doing something?" or "Have you eaten already?" are the first usual questions a guy asks on the phone just to get out <br />
from stammering.<br />
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6. Guys may be flirting around all day but before they go to sleep, they always think about the girl they truly care about.<br />
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7. When a guy really likes you, he'll disregard all your bad characteristics.<br />
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8. Guys go crazy over a girl's smile.<br />
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9. Guys will do anything just to get the girl's attention.<br />
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10. Guys hate it when you talk about your ex-boyfriend.<br />
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11. When guys want to meet your parents. Let them.<br />
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12. Guys want to tell you many things but they can't. And they <br />
sure have one habit to gain courage and spirit to tell you many things and it is drinking!<br />
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13. Guys cry!!!!!!!!<br />
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14. Don't provoke the guy to heat up. Believe me. He will.<br />
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15. Guys can never dream and hope too much.<br />
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16. Guys usually try hard to get the girl who has dumped them, and this makes it harder for them to accept their defeat.<br />
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17. When you touch a guy's heart, there's no turning back.<br />
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18. Giving a guy a hanging message like "You know what?!..uh...never mind!" would make him jump to a conclusion that is far from what you are thinking.<br />
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19. Guys go crazy when girls touch their hands.<br />
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20. Guys are good flatterers when courting but they usually stammer when they talk to a girl they really like.<br />
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21. When a guy makes a prolonged "umm" or makes any excuses when you're asking him to do you a favor, he's actually saying that he doesn't like you and he can't lay down the card for you. <br />
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22. When a girl says "no", a guy hears it as "try again tomorrow."<br />
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23. You have to tell a guy what you really want before he gets the message clearly.<br />
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24. Guys hate gays!<br />
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25. Guys love their moms.<br />
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26. A guy would sacrifice his money for lunch just to get you a couple of roses.<br />
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27. A guy often thinks about the girl who likes him. But this doesn't mean that the guy likes her.<br />
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28. You can never understand him unless you listen to him.<br />
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29. If a guy tells you he loves you once in a lifetime. He does.<br />
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30. Beware. Guys can make gossips scatter through half of the face of the earth faster than girls can.<br />
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31. Like Eve, girls are guys EUR™ weaknesses.<br />
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32. Guys are very open about themselves.<br />
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33. It's good to test a guy first before you believe him. But don't let him wait that long.<br />
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34. No guy is bad when he is courting.<br />
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35. Guys hate it when their clothes get dirty. Even a small dot.<br />
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36. Guys really admire girls that they like even if they're not that much pretty.<br />
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37. Your best friend, whom your boyfriend seeks help from about his problems with you may end up being admired by your boyfriend.<br />
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38. If a guy tells you about his problems, he just needs someone to listen to him. You don't need to give advice.<br />
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39. A usual act that proves that the guy likes you is when he teases you.<br />
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40. A guy finds ways to keep you off from linking with someone else.<br />
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41. Guys love girls with brains more than girls in miniskirts.<br />
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42. Guys try to find the stuffed toy a girl wants but would unluckily get the wrong one.<br />
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43. Guys virtually brag about anything.<br />
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44. Guys cannot keep secrets that girls tell them.<br />
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45. Guys think too much.<br />
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46. Guys' fantasies are unlimited.<br />
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47. Girls' height doesn't really matter to a guy but her weight does!<br />
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48. Guys tend to get serious with their relationship and become too possessive. So watch out girls!!<br />
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49. When a girl makes the boy suffer during courtship, it would be hard for him to let go of that girl.<br />
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50. It's not easy for a guy to let go of his girlfriend after they broke up especially when they've been together for 3 years or more.<br />
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51. You have to tell a guy what you really want before getting involved with that guy.<br />
<br />
52. A guy has to experience rejection, because if he's too-good-never-been-busted, never been in love and hurt, he won't be <br />
matured and grow up.<br />
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53. When an unlikable circumstance comes, guys blame themselves a lot more than girls do. They could even hurt themselves physically.<br />
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54. Guys have strong passion to change but have weak will power.<br />
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55. Guys are tigers in their peer groups but become tamed pussycats with their girlfriends.<br />
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56. When a guy pretends to be calm, check if he's sweating. You'll probably see that he is nervous.<br />
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57. When a guy says he is going crazy about the girl. He really is.<br />
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58. When a guy asks you to leave him alone, he's just actually saying, "Please come and listen to me."<br />
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59. Guys don't really have final decisions.<br />
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60. When a guy loves you, bring out the best in him.<br />
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61. If a guy starts to talk seriously, listen to him.<br />
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62. If a guy has been kept shut or silent, say something.<br />
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63. Guys believe that there's no such thing as love at first sight, but court the girls anyway and then realize at the end that he is wrong.<br />
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64. Guys like femininity not feebleness.<br />
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65. Guys don't like girls who punch harder than they do.<br />
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66. A guy may instantly know if the girl likes him but can never be sure unless the girl tells him.<br />
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67. A guy would waste his time over video games and basketball, the way a girl would do over her romance novels and make-ups.<br />
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68. Guys love girls who can cook or bake.<br />
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69. Guys like girls who are like their moms. No kidding!<br />
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70. A guy has more problems than you can see with your naked eyes.<br />
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71. A guy's friend knows everything about him. Use this to your advantage.<br />
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72. Don't be a snob. Guys may easily give up on the first sign of rejection.<br />
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73. Don't be biased. Try loving a guy without prejudice and you'll be surprised.<br />
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74. Girls who bathe in their eau de perfumes do more repelling than attracting guys.<br />
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75. Guys are more talkative than girls are especially when the topic is about girls.<br />
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76. Guys don't comprehend the statement "Get lost" too well.<br />
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77. Guys really think that girls are strange and have unpredictable decisions but still love them more.<br />
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78. When a guy gives a crooked or pretentious grin at your jokes, he finds them offending and he just tried to be polite.<br />
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79. Guys don't care about how shiny their shoes are unlike girls.<br />
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80. Guys tend to generalize about girls but once they get to know them, they'll realize they're wrong.<br />
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81. Any guy can handle his problems all by his own. He's just too stubborn to deal with it.<br />
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82. Guys find it so objectionable when a girl swears.<br />
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83. Guys' weakest point is at the knee.<br />
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84. When a problem arises, a guy usually keeps himself cool but is already thinking of a way out.<br />
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85. When a guy is conscious of his looks, it shows he is not good at fixing things.<br />
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86. When a guy looks at you, either he's amazed of you or he's criticizing you.<br />
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87. When you catch him cheating on you and he asks for a second chance, give it to him. But when you catch him again and he asks for another chance, ignore him.<br />
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88. If a guy lets you go, he really loves you.<br />
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89. If you have a boyfriend, and your boy best friend always glances at you and it obviously shows that he is jealous whenever you're with your boyfriend, all I can say is your boy best friend loves you more than your boyfriend does.<br />
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90. Guys learn from experience not from the romance books that girls read and take as their basis of experience.<br />
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91. You can tell if a guy is really hurt or in pain when he cries in front of you!<br />
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92. If a guy suddenly asks you for a date, ask him first why.<br />
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93. When a guy says he can't sleep if he doesn't hear your voice even just for one night, hang up. He also tells that to another girl. He only flatters you and sometimes makes fun of you.<br />
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94. You can truly say that a guy has good intentions if you see him praying sometimes.<br />
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95. Guys seek for advice not from a guy but from a girl.<br />
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96. Girls are allowed to touch boys' things. Not their hair!<br />
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97. If a guy says you're beautiful, that guy likes you.<br />
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98. Guys hate girls who overreact.<br />
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99. Guys love you more than you love them if they are serious in your relationships<iframe src="http://rcm.amazon.com/e/cm?t=rednur-20&o=1&p=8&l=bpl&asins=B0049IHY30&fc1=000000&IS2=1<1=_blank&m=amazon&lc1=0000FF&bc1=000000&bg1=FFFFFF&f=ifr" style="align:left;padding-top:5px;width:131px;height:245px;padding-right:10px;"align="left" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0"></iframe>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1581933300489915029.post-34659457757949906962010-12-29T17:57:00.000-08:002010-12-29T17:57:41.401-08:00TIPS on how to answer questions during a job interview<input name="IL_RELATED_TAGS" type="hidden" value="1" />hi, I came across lately about an article from my favorite website which I will be posting at the bottom about questions frequently asked during an interview and how to answer them. Happy 2011!!!<br />
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<div class="MsoNormal">TIP: The 25 most difficult questions you'll be asked on a job interview</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">1. Tell me about yourself.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Since this is often the opening question in an interview, be extra careful that you don't run off at the mouth. Keep your answer to a minute or two at most. Cover four topics: early years, education, work history, and recent career experience. Emphasize this last subject. Remember that this is likely to be a warm-up question. Don't waste your best points on it.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">2. What do you know about our organization?</div><div class="MsoNormal">You should be able to discuss products or services, revenues, reputation, image, goals, problems, management style, people, history and philosophy. But don't act as if you know everything about the place. Let your answer show that you have taken the time to do some research, but don't overwhelm the interviewer, and make it clear that you wish to learn more.</div><div class="MsoNormal">You might start your answer in this manner: "In my job search, I've investigated a number of companies.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Yours is one of the few that interests me, for these reasons..."</div><div class="MsoNormal">Give your answer a positive tone. Don't say, "Well, everyone tells me that you're in all sorts of trouble, and that's why I'm here", even if that is why you're there.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">3. Why do you want to work for us?</div><div class="MsoNormal">The deadliest answer you can give is "Because I like people." What else would you like-animals?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Here, and throughout the interview, a good answer comes from having done your homework so that you can speak in terms of the company's needs. You might say that your research has shown that the company is doing things you would like to be involved with, and that it's doing them in ways that greatly interest you. For example, if the organization is known for strong management, your answer should mention that fact and show that you would like to be a part of that team. If the company places a great deal of emphasis on research and development, emphasize the fact that you want to create new things and that you know this is a place in which such activity is encouraged. If the organization stresses financial controls, your answer should mention reverence for numbers.</div><div class="MsoNormal">If you feel that you have to concoct an answer to this question - for example, the company stresses research, and you feel that you should mention it even though it really doesn't interest you- then you probably should not be taking that interview, because you probably shouldn't be considering a job with that organization.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Your homework should include learning enough about the company to avoid approaching places where you wouldn't be able -or wouldn't want- to function. Since most of us are poor liars, it's difficult to con anyone in an interview. But even if you succeed at it, your prize is a job you don't really want.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">4. What can you do for us that someone else can't?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Here you have every right, and perhaps an obligation, to toot your own horn and be a bit egotistical. Talk about your record of getting things done, and mention specifics from your resume or list of career accomplishments. Say that your skills and interests, combined with this history of getting results, make you valuable. Mention your ability to set priorities, identify problems, and use your experience and energy to solve them.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">5. What do you find most attractive about this position? What seems least attractive about it?</div><div class="MsoNormal">List three or four attractive factors of the job, and mention a single, minor, unattractive item.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">6. Why should we hire you?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Create your answer by thinking in terms of your ability, your experience, and your energy. (See question 4.)</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">7. What do you look for in a job?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Keep your answer oriented to opportunities at this organization. Talk about your desire to perform and be recognized for your contributions. Make your answer oriented toward opportunity rather than personal security.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">8. Please give me your definition of [the position for which you are being interviewed] .</div><div class="MsoNormal">Keep your answer brief and task-oriented. Think in in terms of responsibilities and accountability. Make sure that you really understand what the position involves before you attempt an answer. If you are not certain,ask the interviewer; he or she may answer the question for you.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">9. How long would it take you to make a meaningful contribution to our firm?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Be realistic. Say that, while you would expect to meet pressing demands and pull your own weight from the first day, it might take six months to a year before you could expect to know the organization and its needs well enough to make a major contribution.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">10. How long would you stay with us?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Say that you are interested in a career with the organization, but admit that you would have to continue to feel challenged to remain with any organization. Think in terms of, "As long as we both feel achievement- oriented."</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">11. Your resume suggests that you may be over-qualified or too experienced for this position. What's Your opinion?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Emphasize your interest in establishing a long-term association with the organization, and say that you assume that if you perform well in his job, new opportunities will open up for you. Mention that a strong company needs a strong staff. Observe that experienced executives are always at a premium. Suggest that since you are so well qualified, the employer will get a fast return on his investment. Say that a growing, energetic company can never have too much talent.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">12. What is your management style?</div><div class="MsoNormal">You should know enough about the company's style to know how your management style will complement it. Possible styles include: task oriented (I'll enjoy problem-solving:identifying what's wrong, choosing a solution and implementing it"), result-oriented ("Every management decision I make is determined by how it will affect the bottom line"), or even paternalistic ("I'm committed to taking care of my subordinates and pointing them in the right direction").</div><div class="MsoNormal">A participative style is currently quite popular: an open-door method of managing in which you get things done by motivating people and delegating responsibility.</div><div class="MsoNormal">As you consider this question, think about whether your style will let you work happily and effectively within the organization.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">13. Are you a good manager? Can you give me some examples? Do you feel that you have top managerial potential?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Keep your answer achievement and ask-oriented. Rely on examples from your career to buttress your argument. Stress your experience and your energy.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">14. What do you look for when You hire people?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Think in terms of skills, initiative, and the adaptability to be able to work comfortably and effectively with others. Mention that you like to hire people who appear capable of moving up in the organization.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">15. Have you ever had to fire people? What were the reasons, and how did you handle the situation?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Admit that the situation was not easy, but say that it worked out well, both for the company and, you think, for the individual. Show that, like anyone else, you don't enjoy unpleasant tasks but that you can resolve them efficiently and -in the case of firing someone- humanely.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">16. What do you think is the most difficult thing about being a manager or executive?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Mention planning, execution, and cost-control. The most difficult task is to motivate and manage employees to get something planned and completed on time and within the budget.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">17. What important trends do you see in our industry?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Be prepared with two or three trends that illustrate how well you understand your industry. You might consider technological challenges or opportunities, economic conditions, or even regulatory demands as you collect your thoughts about the direction in which your business is heading.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">18. Why are you leaving (did you leave) your present (last) job?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Be brief, to the point, and as honest as you can without hurting yourself. Refer back to the planning phase of your job search where you considered this topic as you set your reference statements. If you were laid off in an across-the-board cutback, say so; otherwise, indicate that the move was your decision, the result of your action. Do not mention personality conflicts.</div><div class="MsoNormal">The interviewer may spend some time probing you on this issue, particularly if it is clear that you were terminated. The "We agreed to disagree" approach may be useful. Remember that your references are likely to be checked, so don't concoct a story for an interview.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">19. How do you feel about leaving all your benefits to find a new job?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Mention that you are concerned, naturally, but not panicked. You are willing to accept some risk to find the right job for yourself. Don't suggest that security might interest you more than getting the job done successfully.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">20. In your current (last) position, what features do (did) you like the most? The least?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Be careful and be positive. Describe more features that you liked than disliked. Don't cite personality problems. If you make your last job sound terrible, an interviewer may wonder why you remained there until now.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">21. What do you think of your boss?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Be as positive as you can. A potential boss is likely to wonder if you might talk about him in similar terms at some point in the future.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">22. Why aren't you earning more at your age?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Say that this is one reason that you are conducting this job search. Don't be defensive.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">23. What do you feel this position should pay?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Salary is a delicate topic. We suggest that you defer tying yourself to a precise figure for as long as you can do so politely. You might say, "I understand that the range for this job is between $______ and $______. That seems appropriate for the job as I understand it." You might answer the question with a question: "Perhaps you can help me on this one. Can you tell me if there is a range for similar jobs in the organization?"</div><div class="MsoNormal">If you are asked the question during an initial screening interview, you might say that you feel you need to know more about the position's responsibilities before you could give a meaningful answer to that question. Here, too, either by asking the interviewer or search executive (if one is involved), or in research done as part of your homework, you can try to find out whether there is a salary grade attached to the job. If there is, and if you can live with it, say that the range seems right to you.</div><div class="MsoNormal">If the interviewer continues to probe, you might say, "You know that I'm making $______ now. Like everyone else, I'd like to improve on that figure, but my major interest is with the job itself." Remember that the act of taking a new job does not, in and of itself, make you worth more money.</div><div class="MsoNormal">If a search firm is involved, your contact there may be able to help with the salary question. He or she may even be able to run interference for you. If, for instance, he tells you what the position pays, and you tell him that you are earning that amount now and would Like to do a bit better, he might go back to the employer and propose that you be offered an additional 10%.</div><div class="MsoNormal">If no price range is attached to the job, and the interviewer continues to press the subject, then you will have to respond with a number. You cannot leave the impression that it does not really matter, that you'll accept whatever is offered. If you've been making $80,000 a year, you can't say that a $35,000 figure would be fine without sounding as if you've given up on yourself. (If you are making a radical career change, however, this kind of disparity may be more reasonable and understandable. )</div><div class="MsoNormal">Don't sell yourself short, but continue to stress the fact that the job itself is the most important thing in your mind. The interviewer may be trying to determine just how much you want the job. Don't leave the impression that money is the only thing that is important to you. Link questions of salary to the work itself.</div><div class="MsoNormal">But whenever possible, say as little as you can about salary until you reach the "final" stage of the interview process. At that point, you know that the company is genuinely interested in you and that it is likely to be flexible in salary negotiations.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">24. What are your long-range goals?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Refer back to the planning phase of your job search. Don't answer, "I want the job you've advertised." Relate your goals to the company you are interviewing: 'in a firm like yours, I would like to..."</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">25. How successful have you been so far?</div><div class="MsoNormal">Say that, all-in-all, you're happy with the way your career has progressed so far. Given the normal ups and downs of life, you feel that you've done quite well and have no complaints.</div><div class="MsoNormal">Present a positive and confident picture of yourself, but don't overstate your case. An answer like, "Everything's wonderful! I can't think of a time when things were going better! I'm overjoyed!" is likely to make an interviewer wonder whether you're trying to fool him . . . or yourself. The most convincing confidence is usually quiet confidence.</div><div class="MsoNormal"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal">http://symbianize.com/showthread.php?t=320717<br />
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